Twisting and forming device for pneumatic and mechanical spinning

ABSTRACT

A TWISTING AND FORMING DEVICE IS PROVIDED FOR PNEUMATIC AND MECHANICAL SPINNING AND THE DEVICE COMPRISES A HOUSING CONTAINING A SPINNING CUP IN WHICH A DISC-SHAPED FIBER DEFLECTOR IS INSTALLED SO AS TO FORM AN ANNULAR CAVITY BETWEEN THE COVER OF THE HOUSING AND THE DEFLECTOR. AN ANNULAR GAP FOR THE PASSAGE OF FIBERS INTO THE CUP IS FORMED BETWEEN THE WALLS OF THE CUP AND THE FIBER DEFLECTOR AND THE SIZE OF THIS GAP IS EQUAL TO 0.5-5 MM. A SECOND ANNULAR GAP OF A SIZE BETWEEN 0.3 AND 4 MM. AND SMALLER THAN THE FIRST GAP IS FORMED BETWEEN THE EDGE OF THE CUP AND THE COVER AND IT WIDENS OUTWARDLY FOR REMOVING LINT AND IMPURITIES FROM THE FIBERS PASSING THROUGH THE ANNULAR CAVITY IN THE COURSE OF AIR EVACUATION FROM THE CUP AND HOUSING.

TWISTING AND FONMING DEVICE FOR PNEUMATIC AND MECHANICAL SPINNING Filed April 25, 1968 Jan. 26, 1971 I 1. l. OSKIN ET'AL. 3,557,542

United States Patent U.S.S.R.

Filed Apr. 25, 1968, Ser. No. 724,164 Int. Cl. D01h 1/12 US. Cl. 57-58.89 4 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A twisting and forming device is provided for pneumatic and mechanical spinning and the device comprises a housing containing a spinning cup in which a disc-shaped fiber deflector is installed so as to form an annular cavity between the cover of the housing and the deflector. An annular gap for the passage of fibers into the cup is formed between the walls of the cup and the fiber deflector and the size of this gap is equal to 0.5-5 mm. A second annular gap of a size between 0.3 and 4 mm. and smaller than the first gap is formed between the edge of the cup and the cover and it widens outwardly for removing lint and impurities from the fibers passing through the annular cavity in the course of air evacuation from the cup and housing.

This invention relates to spinning machines without rings, and more particularly to twisting and forming devices for pneumatic and mechanical spinning machines.

Known in the art are twisting and forming devices for pneumatic and mechanical spinning having a rotary cup for yarn formation installed in the housing, with a discshaped fibre deflector installed into the cup throat and connected with the cover, forming, together with this cover, an annular cavity and, together with the walls of the cup, a gap for passage of fibre into the cup.

In these devices the fibre intended for the production of yarn is sucked onto the collecting surface of the cup due suction in the cup. Lint and extraneous matter contained in the fibre are accumulated on the cup collecting surface and deteriorate the quality of the produced yarn, and increase yarn breakage.

An object of the present invention is to provide 'a twisting and forming device for pneumatic and mechanical spinning, which will ensure removal of lint and extraneous matter from the cup forming the yarn.

Another object of this invention is to provide a twisting and forming device for mechanical and pneumatic spinning which will ensure production of yarn of quality.

In accordance with these and other objects of the invention, a novel twisting and forming device is provided for pneumatic and mechanical spinning according to the invention in which there is an annular gap between the cup throat and the cover widening to the cup outside, for the removal of lint and extraneous matter from the fibre passing through the annular cavity as air is evacuated from the cup and the housing.

For a better and more efiicient removal of lint and extraneous matter from the fibre it is preferred that the minimum width a of the annular gap widening to the cup outside should be less than the minimum width b of the annular gap between the cup walls and the disc-shaped fibre deflector. Furthermore, it is effective if the minimum width a of the gap is 0.3-4 mm., while the minimum width b of the other gap is 0.5-5 mm.

For a better understanding of the invention an exemice plary embodiment thereof well be described with reference to the appended drawing which shows a sectional view of the twisting and forming device for pneumatic and mechanical spinning according to the invention.

The twisting and forming device for pneumatic and mechanical spinning comprises a housing 1 in which a yarn forming cup 2 is installed on a rotary spindle 3.

The housing 1 is closed with a cover 4 having a discshaped fibre deflector 5, which is installed on the cover 4 so that, as the cover closes the housing 1, the deflector is introduced into the throat 6 of the cup 2. There is an annular cavity 7 provided between the cover 4 and the deflector 5.

There is a channel 8 in the cover 4 to pass fibre 9 into the cup, and a channel 10 to discharge the spun yarn 11. The channel 8 has an outlet to the annular cavity 7. Above the channel 10 there is a pair of drawing rollers 12 serving to pull the spun yarn 11 from the device.

A hole 13 in the cup 2 and a channel 14 in the housing I serve for evacuation of air from the cup and the housmg.

Since the yarn forming cup 2 has a widened middle portion, which is the collecting surface 15 for the fibre 9, the fibre deflector 5 inside the cup throat 6 forms an annular gap 16 between the cup walls, through which the fibre 9 is delivered from the channel 8 of the annular cavity 7 onto the collecting surface 15 of the cup 2.

Between the upper edge of the cup at throat 6 and the cover 4 there is provided a gap 17 which widens outside outwardly of the cup. Through this gap 17 lint and extraneous matter are removed from the fibre 9 passing through the annular cavity 7 as air is evacuated from the cup 2 and the housing 1.

For a better separation of lint and extraneous matter from the fibre, the minimum width a of the gap 17 on the inner side of the cup 2 between the cover 4 and the throat 6 is made less than the minimum width b of the gap 16 between the walls of the cup 2 and the disc-shaped cutter 5. It is recommended that the minimum width a of the gap 10 be 0.3-4 mm. while the minimum width b of the gap 16 be 015 mm.

The novel twisting and forming device operates as follows:

Air is evacuated from the housing 1 and the cup 2 through the channel 14, holes 13 and the annular gap 17 respectively. Under the action of vacuum, the fibre 9 from the feeder (not shown in the drawing) is delivered through the channel 8 into the annular cavity 7, strikes against the deflector 5 and falls onto the inner surface of the rotating cup 2.

The centrifugal force transports the fibre 9 to the collecting surface 15.

As the fibre 9 from the channel 8 enters the annular cavity 7 and strikes against the deflector 5, lint and extraneous matter are removed from the fibre and, being entrained by the air sucked through the annular gap 17 widening to the cup outside, are drawn first into the space formed by the housing 1, and then outside the housing 1 through the channel 14.

Since the minimum width a of the gap 17 is somewhat smaller than the minimum width b of the gap 16, the velocity of the air withdrawn through the gap 17 is somewhat greater than that in the gap 16, which facilitates efiicient removal of lint and extraneous matter from the fibre, while the fibres, due to their comparatively large length and also due to the action of the opposing {forces (on the one hand the force of the air sucked through the gap 16 and the centrifugal force from the side of the cup wall, and on the other hand the force of the air sucked through the gap 17, friction forces arising in the cup throat and the cutter and the difference between the high rotational speed of the cup and velocity of the air and the cutter) are additionally straightened, whereby the quality of the produced yarn is improved.

In order to start the spinning process, a spun yarn is threaded into the rotating cup 2 through the channel and is gradually drawn by the pair 12. Fibres forming on the collecting surface will be twisted to the end of the starting yarn and the drawing pair 12 will pull newly formed yarn 11.

Thus, the widened annular gap between the cup throat and the cover facilitates removal of lint and extraneous matter from the =fibre and ensures additional straighten ing of fibres which are acted upon by two opposing forces, one of which is produced by the air sucked through the said gap, the friction force generated in the cup throat and the cutter, and the difference of speeds between the rotating cup, the air current and the deflector, while the other force is created by the centrifugal force from the side of the cup and the air sucked through the holes from the rotating cup. This considerably improves the quality of the produced yarn and reduces its breakage.

What is claimed is:

1. A twisting and forming device for pneumatic and mechanical spinning comprising: a housing; a rotary yarn-forming cup installed inside said housing, said cup having an upper edge defining a throat; a disc-shaped fibre deflector installed in the throat of said cup in spaced relation therein; a cover for said housing connected with said fibre deflector; an annular cavity being provided between said cover and the fibre deflector for introduction thereinto of fibre to be spun into yarn; said cup and said fibre deflector defining an annular gap therebetween to pass fibre into said cup; means for removal of fibre spun into yarn from said cup, and a channel connected to the housing for the evacuation of air from the cup and the housing to produce suction therein; said upper edge of the cup and the cover defining a second annular gap which widens outwardly of the cup for removal of lint and extraneous matter, from the fibre passing through said annular cavity, in the course of air evacuation from said cup and the housing.

2. A twisting and forming device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the minimum width of the second annular gap is less than the minimum width of the annular gap between the cup and the disc-shaped fibre deflector.

3. A twisting and forming device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the minimum width of the second gap is 0.3-4 mm., while the minimum width of the gap between the cup and the disc-shaped fibre deflector is 0.5-5 mm.

4. A twisting and forming device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said cover has a sloped surface facing the upper edge of the cup to form said second gap as widening outwardly from said cup.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,357,168 12/1967 Zlevor et al 57-58.89 3,370,413 2/1968 Rajnoha et a1 57-5895 'J-OHN PETRAKES, Primary Examiner 

